Match on Action
Match on action is a continuing editing technique. The fluidity in the editing allows the action to be seamless as the camera will follow the action and be edited to combine the short clips to show the action but the audience will not feel disorientated and confused.
In the clip above, Chandler is seen exiting the room from one angle and as he turns to close the door, there is another clip of him walking out, from another angle, but the same action. This technique is continuous, in that the audience will not detect the different amount of cuts, unless its been pointed out to them. It is a common editing technique that uses continuity rather than the camera following Chandler behind him, which will prolong the action.
Shot/Reverse/Shot
This editing technique is when the camera is on a character that is looking at another character (who is off screen) and then following this, will be a shot of the other character in the reverse angle, both within eye line of the character off screen. It is most effective to show an exchange of dialogue between the characters as the shot of either character will show who is speaking and their reactions. This sequence of cuts is also a form of continuity editing which portrays to the audience that the action is unfolding with fluidity.
180 Degree Rule
The 180 degree rule is a guide line that the camera must stay one side of the line of action (creating a 180 degree format that the camera must stay on with the shots). The shots must correspond with one another, having one from the right side and left side of the 180 degrees. If the camera crosses the line, it no longer becomes the 180 degree rule- as it would not be in proportion- it becomes what's known as a 'reverse angle'. The 180 degree rule, will give the audience spacial awareness as it will show the eye line of the characters in relation to one another. The following illustration is a representation of the 180 degree rule:
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